1. The first air cargo was mail. 
*a. True
b. False

2. UPS invented time defined deliveries in 1981. 
a. True
*b. False

3. International cargo in the belly of passenger airplanes is usually extremely urgent freight. 
*a. True 
b. False

4. Not all freight that is within the appropriate size and weight constraints of passenger planes is allowed on such planes. 
*a. True 
b. False

5. Airplanes designed so that freight is carried on the main deck as well as in the belly hold allow for cargo to be secured onto the plane with slings to prevent damage caused by movement within the plane. 
*a. True
b. False
 
6. Quick-change aircraft can be easily transformed from carrying passengers to carrying cargo and vice-versa. 
*a. True
b. False

7. Airfreighters are equipped with a roller deck. 
*a. True
b. False
 
8. The aircraft that can carry freight and passengers on the main deck are called mixed aircraft. 
a. True
*b. False

9. The largest cargo airfreighter in the world is made by Boeing. 
a. True
*b. False

10. Aircrafts can be classified on a combination of range and capacity. 
*a. True 
b. False

11. The tariff structure of international air cargo is almost as complicated as that of the ocean cargo industry. 
a. True
*b. False

12. An open-skies agreement is a contract between two airlines, designed to facilitate cargo shipments. 
a. True
*b. False
 
13. The largest cargo airport in the world is Miami, Florida. 
a. True
*b. False

14. What distinguishes a passenger aircraft from an airfreighter is the fact that only the airfreighter carries freight on the main deck. 
a. True
*b. False

15. An onboard courier is an individual who travels as a passenger, but relinquishes his or her baggage allocation in order to transport cargo. 
*a. True
b. False

16. Combination aircrafts are mostly used on heavily-traveled routes, and used when urgent freight must take priority over passenger traffic. 
a. True
*b. False
 
17. Some airfeighters can be loaded through the aircrafts nose. 
*a. True 
b. False

18. When loading an airfreighter, crews must be careful not to place too much cargo in the tail of the aircraft (aft) before placing some in the front (fore), to prevent nose up situations. 
*a. True 
b. False

19. The Certified Cargo Screening Program mandates that all cargo shipped on passenger aircrafts be 100-percent inspected before being loaded. 
*a. True
b. False

20. The Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism (C-TPAT) is a program developed by the World Customs Organization for the prevention of terrorism acts against airfreighters. 
a. True
*b. False
 


1. FTK stands for
~ The correct answer is freight tonne kilometers (number of metric tons of freight carried times the distance they were carried, expressed in kilometers). 
@ The correct answer is freight tonne kilometers (number of metric tons of freight carried times the distance they were carried, expressed in kilometers). 
a. Freight Transport Kelvin. 
b. Full at 12-thousand. 
c. First Terminal Kilometer. 
d. Furthest Tracing Kernel. 
*e. Freight Tonne Kilometer. 

2. Which is not one of the main types of aviation service?
~ All of these main services apply to aviation, except freight forwarders, who may or may not use airfreight. 
@ All of these main services apply to aviation, except freight forwarders, who may or may not use airfreight. 
a. airmail. 
b. express air freight. 
c. scheduled freight. 
d. charter airfreight. 
*e. freight forwarder. 

3. Among freight often carried in the belly of scheduled international passenger airplanes are
~ While athletic shoes, television sets, mail, and DVD players might be carried on occasion as freight on a passenger plane, time-sensitive materials like critical parts or produce often need the frequency of passenger plane schedules for expedited shipments. 
@ While athletic shoes, television sets, mail, and DVD players might be carried on occasion as freight on a passenger plane, time-sensitive materials like critical parts or produce often need the frequency of passenger plane schedules for expedited shipments. 
a. athletic shoes. 
b. television sets. 
*c. critical machine or computer parts and fresh produce like fish. 
d. DVD players. 
e. mail. 

4. OBC service stands for
~ OBC is onboard courier, an alternative way of using a passenger's luggage allocation for cargo transport. 
@ OBC is onboard courier, an alternative way of using a passenger's luggage allocation for cargo transport. 
a. over ballast cresting. 
*b. onboard courier. 
c. onboard computer. 
d. old benefit connections. 
e. onboard cargo. 

5. Airfreighters are different from passenger airliners in that freight is carried in/on the ______ of the aircraft. 
~ Airfreighters carry cargo on the main deck, and passenger aircraft do not. 
@ Airfreighters carry cargo on the main deck, and passenger aircraft do not. 
a. belly hold. 
*b. main deck. 
c. fuselage. 
d. cockpit. 
e. spoiler. 

6. In calculating airfreight rates, airlines figure the volume-weight of the shipment based on the volume yielding a certain weight value. As a result, 
~ The airline will charge the higher of the volume-weight or the actual weight of the cargo to maximize its revenue. It will not disregard volume to concentrate on weight or disregard weight to concentrate on volume because both are critical values in airfreight transport. There is no differential of rates based on altitudes flown. 
@ The airline will charge the higher of the volume-weight or the actual weight of the cargo to maximize its revenue. It will not disregard volume to concentrate on weight or disregard weight to concentrate on volume because both are critical values in airfreight transport. There is no differential of rates based on altitudes flown. 
a. the airline will charge the lesser of the volume-weight or the actual weight of the cargo.  
b. the airline will be more concerned about volume than weight. 
*c. the airline will charge the higher of the volume-weight or the actual weight of the cargo. 
d. the airline will be concerned about the rates it will charge at different altitudes it flies. 
e. the airline charges different prices in function of the commodity. 

7. On international airfreight shipments, the traditional volume-weight conversion (although not the one used by FedEx and UPS) is
~ The volume-weight conversion traditionally uses 166 cubic inches per pound (6,000 cubic centimeters per kilogram). Notably, UPS and FedEx use a different ratio. 
@ The volume-weight conversion traditionally uses 166 cubic inches per pound (6,000 cubic centimeters per kilogram). Notably, UPS and FedEx use a different ratio. 
a. 6000 inches per kilogram. 
b. 6000 cm per pound. 
c. 166 cm per kilogram. 
*d. 166 cubic inches per pound. 
e. it depends on the carrier and the commodity. 

8. Large amounts of _____ enter the United States through the Miami Airport. 
~ The U. S. receives about 85 percent of the Colombian export of cut flowers, with most of the exports entering through the Miami airport. 
@ The U. S. receives about 85 percent of the Colombian export of cut flowers, with most of the exports entering through the Miami airport. 
*a. cut flowers 
b. DVD players
c. television sets
d. processed sugar
e. pineapples

9. The international airfreight business is regulated by
~ The Federal Aviation Administration regulates only U. S. aviation, mainly from the standpoint of safety, the Civil Aeronautics Board is a defunct regulator of U. S. air carriers, the Civil Air Patrol is a search and rescue organization, and Aeroflot is a Russian airline. The correct answer is the International Air Transport Association and the International Civil Aviation Organization. 
@ The Federal Aviation Administration regulates only U. S. aviation, mainly from the standpoint of safety, the Civil Aeronautics Board is a defunct regulator of U. S. air carriers, the Civil Air Patrol is a search and rescue organization, and Aeroflot is a Russian airline. The correct answer is the International Air Transport Association and the International Civil Aviation Organization. 
a. the Federal Aviation Administration. 
b. the Civil Aeronautics Board. 
c. the Civil Air Patrol. 
d. Aeroflot. 
*e. International Air Transport Association. 

10. The Paris convention of 1919
~ The Warsaw Convention of 1929 limited the liability of international airlines in accidents. The open-skies agreement between the United States and the Netherlands took place in 1929. International regulation of air traffic started with the Paris Convention of 1919. 
@ The Warsaw Convention of 1929 limited the liability of international airlines in accidents. The open-skies agreement between the United States and the Netherlands took place in 1929. International regulation of air traffic started with the Paris Convention of 1919. 
*a. established the concept of sovereignty of a country over its airspace. 
b. limited the liability of international airlines in accidents. 
c. resulted in an open-skies agreement between the United States and the Netherlands. 
d. allowed countries to regulate the aircraft that operate in their airspace. 
e. determined the minimum airline seat size and maximum accompanied luggage weight. 

11. A cargo service that allows an exporter to ship a large quantity of goods to a location not normally served by cargo airlines would be
~ Charter airfreight services are designed to ship large quantities to low-traffic airports. Air mail and OBC are for small shipments, and the question excludes scheduled airfreight. 
@ Charter airfreight services are designed to ship large quantities to low-traffic airports. Air mail and OBC are for small shipments, and the question excludes scheduled airfreight. 
a. air mail service. 
b. an onboard courier. 
c. scheduled airfreight service. 
*d. charter airfreight service. 
e. combi airfreight service. 

12. Airfreighters are fitted with a tail stand during loading operations in order to
~ The tail stands are only used to prevent nose up situations while loading cargo. 
@ The tail stands are only used to prevent nose up situations while loading cargo. 
*a. prevent nose-up mishaps during loading. 
b. speed up refueling operations. 
c. provide electrical power to the rear (aft) of the aircraft. 
d. prevent damage to the aircraft by airport traffic. 
e. prevent aircraft from being inadvertently moved during loading operations. 
 
13. Which of the following sustainability initiatives have not been adopted or tested by airlines and/or airports?
~ All answers except for reducing air speed are mentioned in Section 12-6. Aircraft speeds are optimized for fuel consumption and a speed reduction would have no positive effect. 
@ All answers except for reducing air speed are mentioned in Section 12-6. Aircraft speeds are optimized for fuel consumption and a speed reduction would have no positive effect. 
a. use of bio-fuels to power aircraft engines 
b. changes in the routing of aircraft to reduce fuel consumption
*c. reduced air speed to reduce carbon emissions
d. use of airports outside of large cities to limit noise during night activities
e. none of the answers in this response set are initiatives that have not been adopted by airlines

14. The United States governmental agency that has primary responsibility for security issues in air transportation (whether passenger or cargo) is
~ IATA and ICAO are international organizations, unaffiliated with the U. S government, and CBP is not in charge of security, nor is it restricted to the air transport industry. ICE is only concerned about fraudulent immigration and smuggling. 
@ IATA and ICAO are international organizations, unaffiliated with the U. S government, and CBP is not in charge of security, nor is it restricted to the air transport industry. ICE is only concerned about fraudulent immigration and smuggling. 
a. International Air Transport Association. 
*b. Transportation Security Administration. 
c. International Civil Aviation Organization. 
d. Customs and Border Protection. 
e. Immigration and Customs Enforcement. 

15. Certified Cargo Screening Facilities are charged with
~ The mission of CCSFs is to conduct one-hundred-percent inspections of cargo that is shipped on passenger aircrafts. The other answers are made up. 
@ The mission of CCSFs is to conduct one-hundred-percent inspections of cargo that is shipped on passenger aircrafts. The other answers are made up. 
a. randomly selecting about twenty percent of all air cargo, and inspect these shipments before they are loaded on any aircraft. 
b. conducting background checks for all airlines and airport employees who are in contact with international cargo air shipments. 
*c. conducting one-hundred-percent inspections of all shipments that will eventually travel on passenger aircraft. 
d. reporting on suspicious cargo shipments originating from abroad, through a program called Automated Targeting System. 
e. reporting and isnpecting cargo that fall outside of weight-volume parameters that are kept secret. 


Type: F
1. The largest airfreight company in the world is ____________________. 
a. FedEx
b. Federal Express
c. Fedex

Type: F
2. Most airfreight on passenger planes is not palletized but is ____________________. 
a. loose

Type: F
3. International cargo services on passenger airplanes are somewhat unreliable because passenger airlines often ____________________ freight. 
a. bump

Type: F
4. The biggest constraint on a shipper regarding the use of passenger airplanes for shipping freight is the issue of the freights ____________________. 
a. size

Type: F
5. Aircraft designed so that freight is carried on the main deck as well as in the belly hold are called ____________________. 
a. combis
b. combination aircraft

Type: F
6. Most airfreighters are the same types of aircraft used in passenger service, except they are equipped with ____________________ decks. 
a. roller

Type: F
7. The largest cargo airport in the world is at ____________________. 
a. Memphis
b. Hong Kong

Type: F
8. Products that do not fit in the cargo bay of a traditional cargo aircraft are often referred to as ____________________. 
a. project cargo

Type: F
9. Even though countries may agree to open-skies, the number of flights may be limited by the number of airport ____________________. 
a. landing slots

Type: F
10. All cargo shipped on passenger aircraft has to be inspected 100 percent by ____________________. 
a. Certified Cargo Screening Facilities
b. CCSF